AIDS, ADOLESCENCE, AND RISKS
Alba Cortés Alfaro,
Second-Degree Specialist in Health Education, Assistant
Researcher; René García Roche, MD, First-Degree
Specialist in Biostatistics, Assistant Researcher; Pedro
Monterrey Gutiérrez, PhD, Physics and Mathematics,
Full Researcher; Jorge Fuentes Abreu, MD, First-Degree Specialist
in Nephrology, Assistant Professor; Dania Pérez Sosa,
BSc, Specialist in Health Technology, Research Assistant.
Source: Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr 2000;16(3):253-60.
ABSTRACT
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of 2,793
adolescent students in junior high, high schools and vocational
schools in Havana, aimed at exploring knowledge, attitudes,
and high-risk behavior regarding HIV infection and transmission.
Our study instrument, a structured interview, was applied
individually. Of the participating adolescents, 67.2% had
adequate knowledge of the way HIV is transmitted, although
not concerning risks of infection related to sexual practice.
We also found that they had not received appropriate sex
education. There were high-risk sexual practices among these
adolescents- 69.5% of those with an active sex life did
not use condoms, 43.1% had had several sexual partners during
that year, and 24.9% had more than one partner. Among these
adolescents, 17.2% reported having oral sex and 11.2% anal
sex. These adolescents engaged in sex from an early age,
at a mean age of 13.83 years for males, and 14.83 for females.
EARLY INDICATION OF HEMOGLOBIN ELECTROPHORESIS
IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE CITY OF HAVANA
Marcos Raúl Martín
Ruiz, MD, Second-Degree Specialist in Clinical Genetics,
Assistant Processor, Higher Institute of Medical Sciences
of Havana; Hilda Granda Ibarra, MD, Full Professor, Higher
Institute of Medical Sciences of Havana.
Source: Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr 2000;16(3):249-52.
ABSTRACT
In 1991-92, Cuba’s national public health system
introduced hemoglobin tests for pregnant women to screen
for early detection of couples with a high risk of having
children with sickle-cell anemia. To assess the usefulness
of this measure, evaluations were made of 9,424 tests prescribed
in 1999 in 80 Havana communities. Results revealed 86.5%
received early prescription, in contrast to figures for
1992 (46.4%). The distribution of communities according
to the percentage of tests prescribed early in pregnancy
showed the following results: 75-84% prescribed early in
26 communities (32.5% of the total number of communities);
85-89%: 29 (36.3%); 90-94%: 25 (31.3%) and 95% and more:
none. A significant improvement in the fulfillment of this
measure was observed. It is still necessary to enhance promotion,
mainly in health areas which lag behind in early testing.
FAMILY PLANNING DURING CLIMACTERIUM
Marianela de la C. Prendes
Labrada, MD, First-Degree Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Instructor Professor of Comprehensive General (Family) Medicine,
10 de Octubre School of Medicine; Wilfredo Guibert Reyes,
MD, Specialist in Health Psychology, Instructor Professor
of Comprehensive General (Family) Medicine, Calixto García
School of Medicine; Orlando Lescay Megret, MD, First-Degree
Specialist in Comprehensive General (Family) Medicine; Digna
Llorente Molina, MD, First-Degree Specialist in Obstetrics
and Gynecology, 10 de Octubre Maternity Hospital.
Source: Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr 2000;16(2):118-24
ABSTRACT
A one-year descriptive study was carried out in the Santos
Suárez Municipality family planning service, starting
in April 1998. Our sample consisted of the women over 35
years of age who visited the family planning service for
the first time and completed a questionnaire. The data was
processed using percentage calculation. It was concluded
that the number of visits to the family planning service
by women over 35 years of age was small. There was a predominance
of women in a stable relationship (82.6 %), high school
graduates (60.9 %), and working women (69.6 %). The existence
of other preconceptual reproductive risk factors apart from
age was low (39.12 %). The majority of these patients chose
intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) or contraceptive
injections containing progesterone only.
SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES IN PATIENTS
WITH GYNECOLOGICAL INFECTIONS
Juan Gallardo, MD, First-Degree
Specialist in Microbiology, Julio Trigo López General
Teaching Hospital; Sandra Valdés, BSc, Specialist
in Biology, Assistant Researcher, Center for Medication
Research and Development; María Elena Díaz,
BSc, Specialist in Microbiology, Julio Trigo López
General Teaching Hospital; Caridad Romay, BSc, Health Technician,
Specialist in Microbiology, Julio Trigo López General
Teaching Hospital.
Source: Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol 2000; 26(1):10-4
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted of 2,700 patients seen at the outpatient
service of the Julio Trigo López General Teaching
Hospital and the perinatal care unit of the Lebredo Maternity
Hospital, between August l998 and January l999, aimed at
studying patterns of behavior regarding sexually transmitted
diseases in this population. Results were obtained from
samples of simple vaginal smears and Gram endocervical smears.
We found that the most frequent microorganisms (for both
outpatient and the perinatal care patients) were: candidiasis
(Candida sp.), bacterial vaginosis, and trichomoniasis.
3.2 % of cases at the outpatient service had Neisseria gonorroheae,
whereas only one percent of those in the perinatal care
unit tested positive .
REFLECTIONS ON GENDER
Ileana Castañeda
Abascal, MPH, Second-Degree Specialist in Biostatistics,
Professor; María Elena Astraín Rodríguez,
First-Degree Specialist in Biostatistics; Vicente Martínez
Rodríguez, MPH, First-Degree Specialist in Psychology;
Celia Sarduy Sánchez, MD, First-Degree Specialist
in Psychiatry; Ada C. Alfonso Rodríguez, MD, First-Degree
Specialist in Psychiatry.
Source: Rev Cubana Salud Pública 1999;25(2):129-42
ABSTRACT
This paper includes considerations on the historical aspects
of gender studies. A concept of gender is given, and a list
of problems leading to gender differences included, assessing
Cuba’s situation in this regard in relation with other
countries in the region.
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE “CONSCIOUS PARENTING
PROGRAM”
Yamilé Blanco Hung,
RN; Tamara Caballero González, RN; Carlina M. Betancourt
Espinosa, RN; Mario Zayas Llorente, Third-Year Resident
in Comprehensive General (Family) Medicine.
Source: Rev Cubana Enfermer 2000;16(1)51-5
ABSTRACT
A community-based analytical trial was conducted to evaluate
knowledge about the Conscious Parenting Program in a group
of women of childbearing age who were interviewed during
1997. Out of a total of 883 pregnant women, we selected
150 who were served by 20 family doctors belonging to the
28 de Septiembre Teaching Community Polyclinic and the Municipal
Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba Province. The survey used
included several variables of interest. One of the most
relevant findings was that over half the pregnant women
studied reported to have known nothing about the existence
of such a Program, although they knew of the birthing preparation
program. The Conscious Parenting Program is derived from
the birthing preparation program, with some new elements.
Therefore, it is important to make people familiar with
this program’s new structure and name.
OLIGOHYDROAMNIOS SONOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS:
RELATION TO ASPECTS OF PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY
Maida Hernández Rodríguez,
MD, First-Degree Specialist in Medical Imaging, Dr. Faustino
Pérez Provincial Hospital; Olga Lidia Trujillo López,
MD, Second-Degree Specialist in Medical Imaging, Dr. Faustino
Pérez Provincial Hospital, and Professor, School
of Medical Sciences of Matanzas; Jesús Hernández
Cabrera, MD, Second-Degree Specialist in Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Julio Alfonso Medina Teaching Maternity Hospital,
and Professor, School of Medicine of Matanzas.
Source: Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol 1999;26(1):15-21
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the results of a descriptive prospective
study conducted at the Julio Alfonso Medina Teaching Maternity
Hospital, in Matanzas, during l997. Included were all cases
of reduced amniotic fluid in relation to time of gestation
diagnosed or confirmed by ultrasonography or by the Four
Quadrant Technique. A database was set up and PC-computer
processed with MICROSTAD software. Double-channel percentage,
X2, and means calculations were applied. The sample consisted
of 69 patients classified as follows: 3l (55.l %) with severe
oligohydramnios, and 38 with moderate oligohydramnios (44.9%).
Some of the variables studied showed that hypertension,
asthma, prolonged pregnancy, and fetal growth retardation
are closely related to severe oligohydramnios, which has
an impact on non eutocique births. Moreover, we found that
the weight of products and the low APGAR scores were not
statistically significant, although they were a factor in
5 late fetal deaths. There was no predominance of meconial
fluid.
THE ROLE OF MATERNITY HOMES IN PREGNANT
WOMEN’S WEIGHT RECOVERY
Madeline Rubio Rodríguez,
RN, Maternity Ward, Roberto Infante Pascual Hospital, Songo-La
Maya, Santiago de Cuba Province; Mabis Aranda Carrión,
RN, Songo-La Maya Maternity Home.
Source: Rev Cubana Enfermer 2000;16(2):73-77
ABSTRACT
A descriptive retrospective study was carried out of 65
pregnant women admitted between January and September l998
to the Songo maternity home, in Songo-La Maya Municipality,
Santiago de Cuba Province, due to inadequate weight gain.
The purpose of this study was to assess the results obtained
with these cases. There was a predominance of pregnant women
under 20 years of age, while those with weight between 40
and 49 kg upon admission showed correspondence with nutritional
assessment’s degrees I, II, III and IV. Insufficient
weight gain during pregnancy was significant. The weight
gained by these patients during their stay at the maternity
home was 3 to 5 kg. A considerable number of pregnant women
had hemoglobin levels under 11 g/L. General data was collected
from medical records, including variables of interest such
as age, weight upon admission, nutritional assessment, weight
gain during pregnancy, etc. The statistical method used
was percentage. Education was directed at preparing pregnant
women for proficient breastfeeding, as well as preparation
for delivery.
TWELVE YEARS’ EXPERIENCE IN ICU ATTENTION
TO CRITICALLY ILL ADOLESCENT OBSTETRIC PATIENTS
Guillermo Rodríguez Iglesias,
MD, Third-Year Resident in Obstetrics and Gynecology; Jorge
Delgado Calzado, MD, Second-Degree Specialist in Obstetrics
and Gynecology, Assistant Professor; Leonor Pérez
Riveiro, MD, First-Degree Specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Assistant Professor.
Source: Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol 1999;25(3):141-5
ABSTRACT
The factors related to the care of adolescent obstetric
patients admitted to an adult Intensive Care Unit are studied,
given the high probability of their quickly becoming critically
ill due to their physical and/or psychological condition.
The most frequent causes of admission, complications, and
appropriate treatment in obstetric adolescents and their
pregnancy are dealt with.
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